Received May 27, 2021
Accepted November 30, 2021

In vitro fertilization (IVF) success involves ovarian stimulation with conventional or mild stimulation protocols to yield an adequate number of mature oocytes. These oocytes can be further fertilized and generate good quality embryos to be transferred, ideally in the same cycle. Since 2013, following the results of a meta-analysis including more than 60,000 IVF cycles, it was demonstrated the negative effect on reproductive outcomes of premature progesterone elevation. Nowadays, evidence is emerging showing the limited regulation on serum progesterone values, demonstrating significantly lower live birth rates in patients with either low (<0.5ng/ml) late follicular phase progesterone or higher levels decrease sharply. In this review, different mechanisms of progesterone elevation and their impact on IVF treatments will be discussed and summarized. Also, different approaches will be addressed to diminish the impact of progesterone on fertility outcomes.