Received January 10, 2014
Accepted March 30, 2014

Objective: To establish the relationship between the endometrial apoptosis parameters and endometrial receptivity in infertile women undergoing IVF treatment. Methods: 73 women with tubal infertility, 27 infertile women with endometriosis and 13 healthy fertile women (control group) were recruited into the study. 53 women with tubal factor of infertility and 17 patients with endometriosis later entered in the IVF protocol. Samples of endometrial tissue were used as the material for investigation. Endometrium was collected on the 20-24 days of non-conceptual cycle, using the Pipell suction curette. XIAP, PTEN and HSP27 mRNAs expression in the endometrial tissue was assessed by real time RT-PCR. Results: In women with tubal infertility the high level of XIAP, HSP27 and PTEN mRNAs expression in the endometrium was found. In infertile women with endometriosis the increase of XIAP and HSP27 mRNAs expression was noted. Success of the IVF outcome in women with tubal infertility was associated with maximal level of PTEN synthesis and in endometriosis group the pregnancy achievement after IVF treatment was noted in women with lower expression of XIAP mRNA. Conclusion: The high level of pro-apoptotic factors synthesis in the endometrium during window of implantation is associated with the readiness of endometrium to implantation.