Received May 12, 2022
Accepted December 12, 2023

Objective: Sperm Associated Antigen 11A (SPAG11A) protein is a family of the epididymis-specific secretory proteins implicated in the sperm maturation and function. Varicocele disease, might cause of pathophysiological difficulties in the testis and epididymis, with a harmful effect on the environment for spermatogenesis and sperm maturation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression level of SPAG11A gene and sperm parameters in infertile men with grade 1 and 2 varicocele before and after treatment. Materials and Methods: semen specimens were collected from 20 infertile men with varicocele pre-and post-treatment and 10 healthy volunteers. Semen analysis was conducted according to world health organization guidelines. Real time PCR (qRT-PCR) reaction was applied for determination of SPAG11A mRNA expression. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference between the concentration and normal morphology between pre- and post-treatment groups and the controls. Significant differences were observed between pre-treatment and control groups in terms of progressive and non-progressive mobility. SPAG11A mRNA levels were significantly lower in the pre-treatment group than in healthy control subjects (p=0.007). There was no statistically significant difference in the expression of SPAG11A as well as semen parameters in the post-treatment group compared to the pre-treatment group. Conclusion: SPAG11A gene expression and semen parameters may be affected by varicocele. Whether varicocele treatment is an effective approach to reduce adverse effect of this disease on expression of SPAG11A and semen parameters needs further investigation.