Received January 23, 2024
Accepted July 25, 2024

Aim: To evaluate the correlation between serum Anti-Müllerian hormone and the number of oocytes retrieved after controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF treatments and determine cut-off values predictive of poor and high response to stimulation. Methods: It was performed a retrospective observational study that included 1003 cycles of controlled ovarian stimulation carried between between February 2017-December 2023 at a Medically Assisted Procreation Centre. The exclusion criteria were: serum AMH levels obtained more than 6 months prior to the start of the ovarian stimulation, presence of a single ovary, non-Caucasian ethnicity, controlled ovarian stimulation cycle performed for the purpose of oocyte donation or fertility preservation, documented diagnosis of endometriosis, documented history of ovarian surgery and absence of essential data for the study in the medical records. Poor response to stimulation was defined as ≤ 3 oocytes retrieved and high response was defined as > 15 oocytes. The correlation between variables was calculated using Spearman's correlation test and cut-off values were determined using ROC curves. Results: Anti-Müllerian hormone exhibited a significantly positive correlation with the number of oocytes retrieved. The predictive cut-off for poor ovarian response was 0.72 ng/mL (specificity of 95.13%, sensitivity of 43.23%), and for high ovarian response was 4.77 ng/mL (specificity of 89.86%, sensitivity of 38.22%). Conclusions: Serum Anti-Müllerian hormone proved to be a good predictor of the ovarian response to controlled ovarian stimulation for IVF treatments, which makes it useful in supporting clinical decision-making. However, it should not be used as an absolute discriminator of poor or high ovarian response.