Received February 14, 2025
Accepted November 19, 2025

Objectives: Out of the co-morbidities of diabetes, male infertility is rising exponentially. The study enlights the curative effect of aqueous-ethanol extract of Aloe vera (L.) (AEAV) on spermiological injuries of human and rat in diabetes using more sensitive sensors of DNA fragmentation and apoptosis study for better validation. Methods: Diabetes was induced by streptozotocin in Wistar rats. Sperm were collected from epididymal lumen of the control and diabetic rats. Semen specimens were obtained from normoglycemic and diabetic individuals by masturbation following 4 days of sexual refraining. Sperm samples were incubated separately in the presence of 10, 20 and 40 mg of AEAV/10 mL ex vivo media for 1 or 2 h in a dose and duration-specific manner to evaluate its effect on the spermiological sensors. Toxicity was assessed in the metabolic organs and prostate of rat. Results: Sperm motility, viability, genomic integrity, apoptosis cum DNA fragmentation by Comet and Annexin-V were deviated towards infertility significantly in diabetic samples of rat and human against the control. All such sperm oxidative stress injuries were cured by the extract though major recovery was noted at 20 mg/10 mL dose. Reduced antioxidant enzymes’ activities and elevated level of lipid oxidation-peroxidation of sperm, testis and metabolic organs support the oxidative stress imposition in diabetes, were recovered by the extract in dose and duration-specific fashion. Extract showed mainly the presence of flavonoid and phenolic compounds based on chromatogram analysis by literature cum library searching. Conclusion: The AEAV has promising curative ability against diabetes spermiological injuries.