Received October 01, 2018
Accepted March 04, 2019

Objective: To evaluated whether the use of a new Protocol for Improvement of Endometrial Receptivity (PRIMER) based on platelet-rich plasma (PRP) and granulocyte colony-stimulation factor (G-CSF) improve ongoing pregnancy rates in patients with recurrent implantation failure (RIF). Methods: Women undergoing IVF/ICSI were prospectively divided into two groups: - PRIMER/RIF group (n:33): patients with RIF (defined as ≥2embryo transfers (ETs) and at least 5 morphologically good embryos transferred) in which intrauterine PRP injection and subcutaneous G-CSF-injection were performed. - Control group (n:33): patients in their first IVF/ICSI attempt/cycle (without PRP or G-CSF injection). PRP was prepared using autologous fresh-whole blood processed to increase 2 to 4 times platelet-concentration. All patients undergoing to PRP-treatment received 0.7ml of it through intrauterine-injection 48 hours before the ET. G-CSF (300mg/0.5ml) started simultaneously to PRP and performed weekly subcutaneously. Results: Regarding implantation, clinical pregnancy and miscarriage rates no significant statistically significant difference were found (18.2% versus 17.6%, p=0.90; 36.4% versus 30.3%, p=0.61 and 25.0% versus 9.0%, p=0.43 respectively). The use of PRIMER enabled patients with RIF condition (previous ET µ: 4.0±1.5) to reach similar ongoing pregnancy and live birth rates than those patients who had their first IVF/ICSI cycle attempt (27.3% versus 27.3%, p=0.99). Conclusions: Our results showed, at the first time, evidence that this therapeutic protocol (PRIMER) could be used as a feasible treatment based on biological rationale for patients with RIF condition, considering it’s promising outcomes and because it is a simple procedure and not related to complications for the patient.