Received July 13, 2019
Accepted December 13, 2019

Objective: To provide evidence available in the literature on the role of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in women submitted to in vitro fertilization with repeated implantation failure associated with thin endometrium. Methodology: Systematic review of the use of G-CSF as part of assisted reproduction techniques in women with repeated failures of embryo implantation associated with thin endometrium. The research was carried out in the PubMed, BIREME and Elsevier database from 2008 to 2018, in English, Spanish and Portuguese. Results: All included studies used intrauterine G-CSF. The increase in endometrial thickness was verified in eight of the 10 included studies. Of these, the implantation rate improved significantly in two studies, but the gestation rate in only one. The highest rates of implantation (32%) and pregnancy (48%) were observed in a non-randomized clinical trial. On the other hand, other two studies have not demonstrated an increase in the endometrial thickness and in the pregnancy rates in patients with thin endometrium submitted to the assisted reproduction in frozen embryo transfer cycles. Conclusion: The literature published so far points to a positive influence on the use of G-CSF in relation to the improvement in endometrial receptivity and pregnancy rates. Therefore, there is a need for further studies to determine whether or not to use it, as well as the period, route of administration, dosage and duration of treatment.