Received May 21, 2020
Accepted November 03, 2020

Objective: To analyze gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist in association with human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) (dual triggering) versus hCG alone (conventional triggering) for final oocyte maturation triggering in GnRH antagonist cycles in an unselected population of Brazilian women. Methods: This prospective case-control study involved 114 patients referred to autologous in vitro fertilization treatment between February 2018 and August 2019, recruited regardless of age, infertility factor or number of cycles. Patients were randomly allocated into two groups according to oocyte maturation triggering approach: group A (n=48) - hCG only; and group B (n=66) - hCG plus GnRH agonist. Main outcomes measured were the number of total and metaphase II (MII) oocytes retrieved. Results: The groups were homogenous in terms of age. No moderate or severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome events were observed. No statistical differences concerning total or MII oocytes retrieved were observed between the groups (p>0.05). The MII/total oocyte rate was 70.9% in group A, and 74.5% in group B (p=0.679). No oocyte retrieval was observed in 2/48 patients (4.16%) in group A, 1/66 (1.5%) in group B. No MII oocytes were observed in 4/48 patients (8.3%) in group A, and 2/66 (3%) in group B. Age was found to be directly correlated to the number of total and MII oocytes retrieved (p<0.05). Conclusions: Dual triggering was equivalent to conventional hCH triggering in terms of the number of total and MII oocytes retrieved in the general population. Further studies are necessary to ascertain dual triggering indication in selected groups of women.