Table 1. Standardization of ET protocols.
Checklist Phase I Phase II
Patient understanding Yes Improved
Double check of patient´s name Yes Yes
Full bladder and waiting
time for the procedure
Variable Reduced
Cervix cleaning With a moist gauze, tuberculin syringe and catheter, with ET medium,
without antiseptics
With a moist gauze, 10 cc
syringe and saline medium,
without antiseptics
US guidance Yes Yes
Mock transfer Yes Yes
Gentle manipulation Yes Yes
Tenaculum Yes, when needed. No
Catheter loading technique Three drop Fluid column or three
drop technique
Load volume 50-60 µl 20-30 µl
Catheter types
A wide variety of catheters
(n=18)
Echogenic catheters
exclusively (n=3)
Embryo loading time Minimum Minimum
Ejection speed Minimum Minimum
ET procedure time Variable Reduced
Distance from fundus 1-1.5 cm 1.5-2 cm
Withdraw of ET catheter Slow Slow
Checking Yes Yes
Bed rest 30 minutes 20 minutes
Emotional support No Yes