Table 1. Summary of articles included
Author Methodology Principal findings
Kristiansson et al., 2007 Prospective cohort analysis performed in Sweden between 1981-2001 No increase in the risk of developing postmenopausal cancer in women with a delivery after IVF compared with controls
Sanner et al., 2009 Retrospective cohort analysis of 2,768 women with infertility treatment between 19761-1975. The main comparison was the use of gonadotropins and clomiphene citrate. Five-fold increase in the risk of cancer in women who took gonadotropins
Källén et al., 2011 Retrospective cohort analysis of women with delivery after IVF between 1982-2006. Cases of gynecologic cancer were found by cross-referencing the patients in the cohort against the Cancer Database. Low risk of breast and cervical cancer.No change in the risk of other types of cancer.
van Leeuwen et al., 2011 Retrospective cohort analysis Data suggest an increase of cancer after controlled ovarian hyperstimulation
Yil-Kuha et al., 2012 Retrospective cohort analysis of 18,350 Finnish women treated between 1996-1998. Cancer cases were identified from a cancer database Three-fold increase in the risk of ovarian cancer in women offered IVF.
Stewart et al., 2012 Retrospective cohort analysis performed in Australia between 1982-2002 Increased risk of breast cancer in women offered ART at younger ages
Stewart et al., 2013 Retrospective cohort analysis of 21,639 Australian patients diagnosed with infertility or offered infertility treatment; the individuals were cross-referenced to a cancer database Women with a history of ART are at higher risk of having borderline ovarian tumors.
Stewart et al., 2013 Retrospective cohort analysis in Australia, between 1982-2002 No evidence of increased risk of ovarian cancer after post-IVF delivery.
Reigstad et al., 2015 Retrospective cohort analysis of 808,834 Norwegian women after delivery, linked to the national cancer database. (1984-2010) Increased risk of breast cancer in women with post-ART deliveries versus women with spontaneous conception delivery.
Reigstad et al., 2015 Retrospective cohort analysis of 806, 248 women registered in the Norway Birth Register between 1984 and 2010. Gynecologic tumors were identified by cross-referencing the enrolled individuals to the Cancer Database Increased risk of cancer after ART; however, after correction for confounding factors, the difference was not significant.
Kessous et al., 2016 Retrospective cohort study of 106,031 Israeli women with a history of either IVF or ovulation induction. Increased risk of gynecologic cancer in women with history of IVF