| Author, year, place |
Kind of study |
Infertility condition presented by the patient |
Assisted reproductive technique employed |
Purpose of the study |
Conclusion |
| Bercaire et al., 2018, Brazil |
Cohort |
Advanced maternal age |
IVF/ICSI |
To evaluate a new protocol designed to improve POR through intra-ovarian androgenization, from the analysis of the number of recovered mature oocytes; fertilization, abortion and pregnancy rates. |
The use of transdermal testosterone before the IVF cycle seems to increase the rates of recovered oocytes, pregnancy and births in patients with POR. |
| Borges et al., 2003, Brazil |
Cohort |
Obstructive azoospermia after vasectomy |
ICSI |
To evaluate the relationship between the period of post-vasectomy and the reproductive capacity post ICSI. |
The interval between vasectomy and sperm recovery procedure has no effect on outcome until 14-year interval. |
| Borges et al., 2013, Brazil |
Cohort |
Leukocytospermia
Tubal factor
Idiopathic |
IMSI |
To compare IMSI results between cycles in which density gradient swim-up or centrifugation techniques were used for sperm preparation. |
SUP and DGC techniques recovered improved sperm fractions and promoted similar IMSI results. |
| Borges et al., 2016, Brazil |
Case-report |
Oligozoospermia
Astenozoospermia
Teratozoospermia |
ICSI |
To compare ICSI results among groups with different mobile sperm count ranges, in couples with male infertility. |
The total mobile sperm count is not a reliable predictor of ICSI result, because it does not consider morphology. Therefore, it was not able to predict ICSI laboratory or clinical results. |
| Cavagna et al., 2012, Brazil |
Case-control |
Leukocytospermia |
IVF/IMSI |
To analyze ICSI and IMSI results in couples in whom the male partner had leukocytospermia. |
The results indicate that leukocytospermia may not have a negative effect on ICSI or IMSI cycle results. |
| Coelho Neto et al., 2015, Brazil |
Cohort |
Endometrioma
Thin endometrium
Poor ovarian response |
IVF/ICSI |
To analyze whether endometrial thickness and the presence of endometrioma are independent predictors of clinical pregnancy rate or simply associated with POR. |
Both thin endometrium and the presence of endometrioma are associated with poor ovarian response, but are not important independent predictors of clinical pregnancy. |
| Coelho Neto et al., 2016, Brazil |
Cohort |
Endometriosis |
IVF/ICSI |
To evaluate whether women with endometriosis have different ovarian reserves and reproductive outcomes as compared to women without such diagnosis submitted to IVF and ICSI. |
Women diagnosed with endometriosis are more likely to have deficient ovarian reserve; however, their chance of conceiving by IVF/ICSI is similar to that seen in patients without endometriosis and with a comparable ovarian reserve. |
| Costa et al., 2016, Brazil |
Case-control |
Idiopathic |
IVF/ICSI |
To investigate the genetic diversity of the HLA-G gene and its influence on infertility, and the result after assisted reproduction treatment in women with and without pregnancy success. |
Some HLA-G alleles have been associated with reproductive failure. |
| Cota et al., 2012, Brazil |
Cross-sectional |
Endometriosis
Ovary polycystic syndrome |
IVF/ICSI |
To investigate whether the prevalence of oocyte dysmorphism is influenced by the type of pituitary suppression used in ovarian stimulation. |
In terms of oocyte morphology quality, there is no difference between the multiple dose protocol of the antagonist and the long-term agonist protocol. |
| Donabela et al., 2015, Brazil |
Case-control |
Endometriosis |
ICSI |
To compare the expression of SOD1, SOD2 and GPX4 in mature oocyte CCS from infertile women and investigate the interaction between the expression of these genes and clinical pregnancy. |
Only infertile women with moderate/severe endometriosis had increased SOD1 expression incumuluscells, compared to women with minimal/mild endometriosis and controls, with positive
interaction between increased expression and occurrence of clinical pregnancy. |
| Esteves & Glina, 2005, Brazil |
Cross-sectional |
Azoospermia |
ICSI |
To analyze if testicular histological patterns in a group of azoospermic men with varicocele are predictive of the result of treatment after correction of subinguinal microsurgical varicocele. |
Microsurgical repair of varicocele in men with non-obstructive azoospermia may result in the appearance of spermatozoa in the ejaculate, when there is hypo spermatogenesis or cessation of maturation in the testicular histological diagnosis. |
| Geber & Sampaio, 2013, Brazil |
Randomized controlled trial |
Male factor |
ICSI/IVF |
To evaluate whether the prolonged action of GnRH in the luteal
phase, in the assisted reproductive treatment cycles, affects the pregnancy
rates according to the duration of its action in this phase. |
Regardless the GnRH action duration in the luteal phase, there was
no significant association with pregnancy rates. |
| Glina et al., 2005, Brazil |
Cohort |
Obstructive azoospermia |
ICSI |
To evaluate the rate of sperm recovery in each of the histopathological groups: hypospermatogenesis-hypo; maturation arrest on spermatogenesis-MA; and single Sertoli cell-SSO. |
There were sperm cells in 33% of the procedures in patients with MA, 50% in patients with hypo and 40% of the procedures in patients with SSO. |
| Maia-Filho et al., 2015, Brazil |
Cohort |
Male factor
Endometriosis
Tubal factor
Ovulatory factor
Idiopathic |
ICSI |
To evaluate the expression of endometrial matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) 2 and 9 and E-cadherin in the peri-implantation phase of infertile women undergoing IVF cycles. |
MMP-2, MMP-9 and E-cadherin are expressed in the endometrium of infertile women during the receptive phase of the natural menstrual cycle. However, there is no correlation between the expression of these molecules and IVF clinical results. |
| Nastri et al., 2013, Brazil |
Randomized controlled trial |
Endometrial factor |
ICSI |
To investigate the effect of endometrial injury on reproductive outcomes and to evaluate the pain involved in the procedure for women undergoing assisted reproduction techniques. |
The rates of implantation, birth and clinical pregnancy were higher in patients submitted to endometrial injury. However, there were reports of considerable pain during the procedure. |
| Pasqualotto et al., 2005, Brazil |
Cohort |
Azoospermia |
ICSI |
To evaluate the fertilization, pregnancy and miscarriage rates post- ICSI, with epididymal or testicular spermatozoa in different types of azoospermia. |
Although there were no differences in the evaluated rates, fertilization and implantation, rates were higher in patients with congenital blockage of the seminal pathway. The rate of pregnancy was higher, and the rate of miscarriage was lower when epididymis sperm was used compared to testicular sperm. |
| Pasqualotto et al., 2003, Brazil |
Cross-sectional |
Obstructive azoospermia
Vasectomy
Bilateral absence congenital vas deferens |
ICSI |
To evaluate the effectiveness of repeated PESA procedures. |
The procedures were effective in more than one-third of the repeated PESA attempts, resulting in the presence of mobile spermatozoa. |
| Pasqualotto et al., 2012, Brazil |
Case-control |
Varicocele |
ICSI |
To evaluate the effect of varicocelectomy on sperm quality and
gestation rate after ICSI. |
Although varicocelectomy should always be performed before as sisted reproduction, this procedure does not increase pregnancy rates or decrease miscarriage rates after ICSI. |
| Picinato et al., 2014, Brasil |
Case-control |
Endometriosis
Anovulation
Tubal factor
Idiopathic male factor |
ICSI |
To examine the effects of oocyte submission to PM before ICSI. |
PM was associated with increased fertilization rates, and reduced cleavage rate and number of high-quality embryos. |
| Pinheiro et al., 2003, Brazil |
Cohort |
Male factor |
ICSI |
To determine implantation and pregnancy rates in patients submitted to ICSI and treated with beta2-adrenergic agonists, considering the uterine-relaxing action of these agents. |
Pregnancy and implantation rates did not differ significantly between the groups. In addition, there were no significant differences in miscarriage rates. |
| Romão et al., 2010, Brazil |
Cohort |
Male factor
Tubal factor
Ovulatory factor
Uterine factor |
ICSI |
To assess the impact of the average oocyte diameter on the occurrence of fertilization and embryonic quality in assisted reproduction cycles. |
The diameter of mature oocytes does not appear to be related to fertilization or the quality of human embryos development on days 2 and 3 after ICSI. |
| Scheffer et al., 2017, MG/Brazil |
Cohort |
Advanced maternal age |
ICSI |
To evaluate embryonic quality associations and follicular reserve markers, such as age, FSH and AMH. |
Age is predictive of the number of oocytes collected and of embryonic quality, factors that influences the outcome of assisted reproductive technologies. |
| Semião-Francisco et al., 2010, Brazil |
Cohort |
Azoospermia |
ICSI |
To compare ICSI results among patients with OA or NOA submitted to TESA and PESA procedures. |
There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy or implantation rates among patients submitted to TESA and PESA. |
| Setti et al., 2011, Brazil |
Case-control |
Poor ovarian response |
ICSI |
To test the hypothesis that women of advanced age and with POR have an increase in embryo with chromosomal changes when compared to elderly women, who presented a normal ovarian response. |
Women of advanced age and with POR to gonadotrophins are not at increased risk of producing aneuploid embryosin vitro. |
| Souza et al., 2017, Brazil |
Cross-sectional |
Poor ovarian response |
IVF/ICSI |
To investigate the impact of follicular washing on the number of oocytes recovered, oocyte maturity, rate of fertilization, embryonic development and pregnancy rate in POR women. |
Follicular lavage may be an appropriate alternative to increasing the number of oocytes and pregnancy rates in patients with POR. |
| Taitson et al., 2012, Brazil |
Case report |
Obstructive azoospermia |
ICSI |
To evaluate the effectiveness of PESA in an azoospermic 81-year old patient. |
The procedure was effective, with pregnancy and birth of two babies. |
| Valle et al., 2012, Brazil |
Case report |
Ovarian failure Idiopathic |
ICSI |
To demonstrate that human embryos can be successfully vitrified/heated twice in the cleavage phase. |
Human embryos can be successfully vitrified/heated twice in the cleavage phase, being able to promote successful pregnancies and deliveries. |
| AMH: Anti-Mullerian Hormone; DGC: Density Gradient Centrifugation; FSH:Follicle-Stimulating Hormone; GnRH: Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone; HLA-G: G-Human Leukocyte Antigen; IVF: In Vitro Fertilization; ICSI: Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection; IMSI: Intracytoplasmic Injection of Morphologically Selected Sperm; NOA: Non-obstructive azoospermia; OA: Obstructive azoospermia; PESA: Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration; PM: Polarization Microscopy; POR: Poor Ovarian Response; SCO: Sertoli Cell-Only; SOD: Superoxide Dismutase; SUP: Swim-up; TESA: Testicular Sperm Aspiration. |