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Apium graveolens
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Apiaceae |
Hydro- alcoholic Extract of leaves |
Male Wistar rats |
100 and 200 mg/kg/BW once every two days for 60 days, Orally |
There was a significant increase in the number of sperms, sertoli cells, and primary spermatocyte in groups receiving extract; however, structural changes were not observed in the groups. It seems that celery increases spermatogenesis in male rats but has no destructive effects on testicular tissue. Perhaps this plant could be used to treat infertility in men. |
Kooti et al., 2014
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Cinnamomum camphora
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Lauraceae |
The active ingredient is prepared from plant stem |
Male Wistar rats |
1, 2 and 5 mg/Kg for 30 days, Intraperitoneally injection |
Pure camphor in alcohol 10% increases LH level and decreases FSH level, whereas it failed to change level of testosterone. The claim of inhibitory effect of camphor on sexual activity could not be confirmed by this study. |
Shahabi et al., 2014
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Cornus mas
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Cornaceae |
Hydro-ethanolic extract of fruit |
Male NMRI mice |
250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, Oral gavage |
It was revealed that Cornus mas fruit extract decreased the cellular atrophy by controlling the energy substrate utilization based on lipids and carbohydrates via provoking the testicular antioxidant status. Cornelian cherry fruit extract, as an antioxidant compound, could reduce cellular degeneration, lower inflammation and up-regulate testicular antioxidant status. Cornelian cherry fruit extract plays a role in decreasing oxidative stress by increasing the TAOC. It can be concluded that this extract could protect reproductive organs against MTX side effects. |
Zarei & Shahrooz, 2019; Zarei et al., 2014
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Satureja khuzestanica
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Lamiaceae |
Essential oil of aerial parts |
Male Wistar and Albino rats |
75, 150, 225 mg/kg/day for 45 days and 225 mg/kg/day for 28 days, Orally |
Significant improvements in potency, fecundity, fertility index, and litter size and significant decrease in post implantation loss. Satureja khuzestanica essential oil protected reproductive system from toxicity of Cyclophosphamide through its antioxidant potential and androgenic activity. |
Safarnavadeh & Rastegarpanah, 2011
Haeri et al., 2006
Rezvanfar et al., 2008
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Withania somnifera
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Solanaceae |
Hydro-alcoholic and aqueous extract and powder of all parts mostly root |
Human, cell, mice and rat |
Different doses and most intervention protocol |
It deems that Withania somnifera has a positive effect in the treatment of infertility both in male and female. Although some studies proposed that WS extract might have non-fertilizing and spermicidal effect. |
Nasimi Doost Azgomi et al., 2018
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Fumaria parviflora
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Papaveraceae |
ethanolic extract of leaves and powder |
Male Wistar rats |
200mg/kg day1 gavage for 70 days |
The results indicated that ethanolic extract of F. parviflora leaves has potential to restore the suppressed reproduction associated with lead exposure and prevented lead-induced testicular toxicity in male Wistar rats. |
Dorostghoal et al., 2014
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zingiber officinale
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zingiberaceae |
Ginger roots powdered and dissolved in 2cc distilled water |
Male Wistar rats |
100 mg/kg, gavage method, daily for, 8 weeks |
The application of ginger plus Cinnamon compared with ginger and cinnamon alone in diabetic rats significantly improved the damaging effects of oxidative stress on spermatogenesis and fertility parameters. It seems that the antioxidant content of herbs could be increased dramatically when used in combination. |
Khaki et al., 2014
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cinnamomum zeylanicum
|
lauraceae |
Cinnamon zeylanicum powdered and dissolved in 2cc distilled water |
Male Wistar rats |
75 mg/kg, gavage method, daily for, 8 weeks |
The application of ginger plus Cinnamon compared with ginger and cinnamon alone in diabetic rats significantly improved the damaging effects of oxidative stress on spermatogenesis and fertility parameters. It seems that the antioxidant content of herbs could be increased dramatically when used in combination. |
Khaki et al., 2014
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Phoenix dactylifera
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Arecaceae |
extract of fruit |
Human, rat, mice, rabbit, and hamster |
Different doses in different routes |
This review showed that phoenix dactylifera pollen is a very suitable supplement for infertility and can reduce free radicals and increase sperm motility. |
Abdi et al., 2017
Fallahi et al., 2015
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Plukenetia conophora
|
Euphorbiaceae |
methanolic extract |
Male Wistar rats |
Different doses |
Olaniyan et al. In 2018 to evaluate the effects of Plukenetia conophora (PC) and 4H-Pyran-4-One 2,3-Dihydro-3,5-Dihydroxy-6-Methyl (DDMP) on Wistar rats with chloride-induced testicular damage Cadmium (CdCl2). Treated daily for 54 days. Methanolic extract of Nigeria fruit seeds was used. Thus: control group (normal saline). CdCl2 (2 mg/kg single dose IP); CdCl2 + 200 mg/kg vitamin E; CdCl2 + 100 or 200 mg / kg PC; And CdCl2 + 25 or 50 mg / kg DDMP. The biochemical parameters of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, antioxidant enzymes and proton pumps were measured by spectrophotometry. Reproductive hormones were measured using ELISA. In the treated groups, a significant increase in sperm count, motility and viability was observed. Malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels were significantly reduced. Significant increases in antioxidant enzymes, proton pump and testosterone were observed in the treated groups. |
Olaniyan et al., 2018
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Garcinia kola
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Clusiaceae |
ethanolic extract |
Adult male Wistar rats |
Different doses |
It has been concluded that Garcinia cola and vitamin E show liver protection against oxygen free radicals produced by lead ions by maintaining the tissue integrity of rat testis. |
Dare et al., 2014
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Cocos nucifera L
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Arecaceae |
Oil |
Adult male Wistar rats |
Different doses |
Cocos nucifera oil reduces the harmful effects of lead acetate in male Wistar rats, which may be due to its polyphenol content and antioxidant properties. |
Dare et al., 2012
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Adansonia digitata
|
Malvaceae |
aqueous extract |
Male Wistar rats |
Different doses |
The cadmium chloride-treated group plus A. digitata caused a significant decrease in MDA levels with a significant increase in antioxidant activity and biochemical enzymes. The aqueous extract of A. digitata seems to have a healing effect against testicular damage caused by cadmium chloride. This can be attributed to the presence of a polyphenolic compound. |
Olaniyan et al., 2021
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