Table 3. ICSI clinical outcomes of patients with non-mosaic Klinefelter syndrome using fresh and frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa.
Parameters TESE/ICSI p value Total
Fresh sperm Cryopreserved sperm
Cycles (n) 25 22 - 47
Embryo transfer cycles (n) 23 2 - 44
Nº of transferred embryos (n, mean ± SD, range) 46 (2.0±0.6) 1-3 38 (1.8±0.5) 1-3 0.267 84 (1.9±0.6) 1-3
Biochemical pregnancy (/ETC) (rate, n) 65.2% (15/23) 33.3 (7/21) 0.035 50 (22/44)
Clinical pregnancy (/ETC) (rate, n) 60.9 (14/23) 19 (4/21) 0.005 40.9 (18/44)
Sacs (n) 17 5 - 22
Implantation rate (nº sacs/nº ET) 37 (17/46) 13.2 (5/38) 0.014 26.2 (22/84)
Singletons (/CP) (rate, n) 78.6 (11/14) 75 (3/4) 0.880 77.8 (14/18)
Twins (/CP) (rate, n) 21.4 (3/14) 25% (1/4) 0.880 22.2 (4/18)
Abortion (/CP) (rate, n) 14.3 (2/14) 0 - 11.1 (2/18)
LBDR (/ETC) (rate, n) 52.2 (12/23) 19 (4/21) 0.023 36.4 (16/44)

TESE=testicular sperm extraction
ICSI=intracytoplasmic sperm injection,
TESE/ICSI-fresh sperm=TESE/ICSI cycles using fresh testicular sperm
TESE/ICSI-cryopreserved sperm=TESE/ICSI cycles using cryopreserved testicular sperm
ETC=embryo transfer cycles,
ET=number of transferred embryos
CP=clinical pregnancy
LBDR=live birth delivery rate.
Significant differences (p<0.05) between TESE/ICSI with fresh sperm and TESE/ICSI with cryopreserved sperm.