Table 1. The specifications of the medicinal plants
Plant Scientific name Family Effective compound(s) The impact on PCOS
Aloe vera Aloe arborescen Liliaceae Polysaccharide compounds Beneficial and supportive effects on ovarian tissue and folliculogenesis
Chamomile Chamomilla matricaria Asteraceae Flavonoids and antioxidants such as gallic acid, kamazelin, farnesene, matricin, coumarin derivatives, apigenin, and choline Reducing PCOS symptoms in ovarian tissue and increasing the number of uterine follicles, as well as helping with LH secretion.
Chaste tree Vitex agnus - castus L Verbenaceae Flavonoids, aromatase enzymes Improving the status of sex hormones in polycystic animals by altering the secretion of these hormones (reducing testosterone)
Cinnamon Cinnamomum zeylanicum Lauraceae Phosphatidylinvestyl 4-kinase Increasing glucose uptake, glycogen production and, insulin receptor phosphorylation, improving insulin sensitivity, and reducing lipid and blood glucose levels
Ginseng Panax ginseng Araliaceae Glutathione and superoxide dismutase Affecting corticotropin and cortisol, regulating the immune response, producing antioxidants, having neuroendocrine activity, regulating carbohydrate and fat metabolism
Stachys Stachys lavandulifolia Lamiaceae Flavonoid epigenin By occupying estrogen receptors, it reduces estrogen function (reduction of abnormal uterine bleeding)
Fennel Foeniculum vulgare Apiaceae Trans anethole-, photoanethole, estragole, fenchine, and P-anisaldehydeDianethole Decreasing estrogen and uterine lining thickness, increasing progesterone and uterine endometrial thickness
Liquorice Glycyrrhiza glabra L Fabaceae Glycyrrhiza Improving the adverse effects of PCOS-induced diabetes
Flax Limum usitatissimum Linaceae Lignan Decreasing androgen and hirsutism
N-acetylcysteine N-acetylcysteine Amino acids Sulfhydryl Increased chance of fertility, improved ovulation, improved lipid profile, insulin resistance in women with PCOS
D-chiro-inositol D-chiro-inositol Inositols D-chiro-inositol Decreasing insulin resistance