Figure 1. A diagram illustrating the experimental design. In vivo-produced morulae were randomly divided into 9 groups: 1 control (VS-/PW-) in which nothing was added to the vitrification solution and the culture medium; 2 vehicles (VS^e10/PW^e10 and VS^e30/PW^e30) in which both vitrification solution and culture medium were supplemented by 10 ul/ml or 30 ul/ml of ethanol, and 6 experimental groups (VS⁺¹⁰/PW⁺¹⁰, VS⁺³⁰/PW⁺³⁰, VS⁺¹⁰/PW^-, VS⁺³⁰/PW^-, VS^-/PW⁺¹⁰, VS^-/PW⁺³⁰), in which vitrification solution and/or culture medium were supplemented by 10 μM or 30 μM of CoQ10. VS: vitrification solution, PW: post warming, e: ethanol.