| Table 3. Effects of C. nutans leaf extracts on percentage spermatozoa abnormalities across male mice groups. | |||||
| Glucose (mmol/L) | Baseline | Week1 | Week2 | Week3 | Week4 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | 4.47±0.08b | 5.53±0.14d | 4.53±0.14e | 4.8±0.25e | 4.47±0.26e |
| STZ | 20.7±0.33a | 24.5±0.28a | 25.5±0.31a | 25.7±0.90a | 26±0.11a |
| C. nutans 150 mg/kg | 20.4±0.35a | 17.8±0.89b | 16.6±1.03b | 16.03±1.21b | 14.2±0.17b |
| C. nutans 300 mg/kg | 21.3±0.88a | 17.5±1.01b | 14±0.24c | 13.1±0.71c | 10.7±0.74c |
| C. nutans 500 mg/kg | 22.3±1.18a | 13.6±0.80c | 11.3±0.40d | 9.03±0.54d | 7.3±0.92d |
| p-value | <0.01 | 0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
The mean and standard error (SEM) is used to express the data.
a, b, c, d Tukey’s test shows that means within a row with distinct superscript letters are significantly different (%5, ANOVA) between groups (n=10). STZ= streptozotocin mice group, C. nutans = Clinacanthus nutans.