| Table 3. Sperm kinematics in control and post-cryopreservation sperm samples in cryoprotective media with or without astaxanthin supplementation. | |||||
| Parameters (N=30) |
Control | Vitrification | Liquid nitrogen vapor | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| V | V + ATX | L | L + ATX | ||
| VAP | 62.8±10.0 | 57.5±9.1 | 60.8±15.7 | 52.1±8.7* | 53.4±8.5* |
| VSL | 49.5±10.0 | 46.6±7.9 | 66.5±9.2 | 43.5±7.3 | 44.5±8.0 |
| VCL | 106.1±20.0 | 97.7±17.7 | 97.4±17.4 | 90.7±14.8* | 94.5±14.9 |
| ALH | 5.8±1.1 | 5.4±1.0 | 5.6±1.3 | 4.9±0.9* | 5.2±1.1 |
| BFC | 24.7±3.9 | 29.1±5.2* | 30.0±5.6* | 29.1±4.3* | 29.0±4.6* |
| STR | 78.7±6.4 | 80.9±4.3 | 81.1±5.7 | 80.8±4.7 | 79.8±5.6 |
| LIN | 49.2±6.7 | 50.4±5.3 | 50.3±7.3 | 47.5±5.5 | 47.4±5.4 |
Repeated measure ANOVA: *p<0.005 vs. control
Abbreviation: V = vitrification, L = liquid nitrogen vapor freezing,
ATX = astaxanthin.