Table 1. Values (mean ± standard deviation) of the main initial seminal parameters of the samples (n=40) used for Test #1 and Test #2.
Parameters Test #1
Mean ± SD
Test #2
Mean ± SD
WHO ref.*
Volume (mL) 3.6±1.6 3.3±1.9 ≥ 1.4
pH 7.8±0.4 7.6±0.5 ≥7.2
Concentration (x106/mL) 58.8±37.2 61.1±27.6 ≥16
Total sperm count (x106) 188.9±113.7 201.6±120.4 ≥42
Progressive motility (%) 51.5±8.6 40.4±5.2 ≥30
Non-progressive (%) 22.1±4.8 24.7±5.2 ≥1
Total motility (%) 73.6±6.3 65.2±6.3 ≥42
Vitality (%) 78.6±5.4 71.2±1.4 ≥54
Normal morphology (%) 4.5±1.4 4.3±1.3 ≥4

* WHO (2021): 5th centile.