Table 1. List of herbal Plants used in PCOS.
Sr. No. Common name Botanical name Family Parts used Phytoconstituents Chemical Structure Benefits (Kumari et al., 2024)
1 Liquorice Glycyrrhiza glabra Leguminosae Root glycerin Helps in maintaining the levels of male hormones (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023)
2 Aloe-vera Aloe barbadensis Mill. Liliaceae Gel or juice Polysaccharide compounds, Aloe emodin Very hydrating and provides extra lubrication to the body that helps it remove buildup chemicals (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023)
3 Turmeric Curcuma longa Zingiberaceae Rhizome Curcumin Reduces insulin resistance, lowers blood sugar level and increase HDL or good cholesterol level (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
4 Flax seeds Linum usitatissimum Linaceae Seed lignans Helps regulate blood sugar, promote weight loss and prevent constipation (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
5 Gymnema Gymnema sylvestre Apocynaceae leaves gymnemic acid and quercetin Improves cholesterol and triglyceride levels, reducing heart disease risk (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
6 Fennel Seeds Foeniculum vulgare Apiaceae Seed Trans anethole helps in PCOS treatment as they have anti-hirsutism properties and helpsdecrease androgen (male hormones) levels (Bone, 2003).
7 Cinnamon Cinnamomum zeylanicum Lauraceae Stem bark β-caryophyllene Reduces the cholesterol level, bp and inflammation (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
8 Tulsi Ocimum sanctum Linn. Lamiaceae Leaves, stem, flower, root, seeds eugenol Controls androgens leading to excessive facial hair growth and acne, lower (Wal et al., 2021).
9 Pumpkin Seeds Cucurbita maxima Cucurbitaceae Seed beta-sitosterol helps reduce excessive cholesterol and insulin levels associated with PCOS (Reddy et al., 2016)
10 Green Tea Camellia sinensis Theaceae green leaves Catechins(L-Epicatechin) reduces hormone levels associated with ovarian cysts and promotes weight loss (Khanage et al., 2019).
11 Ginseng Panax ginseng Araliaceae Leaf, stem Glutathione and superoxide dismutase boosts energy, lowers blood sugar level, reduces stress, treats diabetes, manages sexual dysfunction in men (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
12 Ashoka tree Saraca asoca Fabaceae Seed, bark, flowers Leucopelargonidin May act against cancer (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
13 Drumstick tree Moringa oliefera Moringaceae Root, stem, leaves, fruits Moringyne Prevents the growth of colon, lung, stomach cancer cells (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
14 Fenugreek Trigonella foenum-graceum Fabaceae Seeds, leaves Trigoneoside IIA Reduces the risk of heart and blood pressure, pain relief (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
15 Sesame seeds Sesamum indicum Pedaliaceae Seeds Sesamin May aid blood sugar control, combats arthritis pain and lower cholesterol (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
16 Sugarcane Saccharum officinarum Poaceae (Gramineae) Root, Stem Swertisin Stores energy in the form of healthy fats (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
17 Ginger Zingiber officinale Zingiberaceae Rhizome α-Zingiberene Relieves nausea and vomiting and aids digestion (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).
18 Neem tree Azadirachta indica Meliaceae Fruit, Bark, Leaves, Flow er Nimbolide Efficacious against a variety of skin disease, septic sores, infected burns (Pavithra & Ilango, 2023).