| Table 1. Summary of studies evaluating the association of sleep quality and IVF outcomes. | ||||
| Reference/Country | Design | Participants | Instrument | Main Results |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bariya et al., 2024 China | Cohort, prospective | Women undergoing IVF (n=174) | PSQI | The number of oocytes retrieved was reduced by 22% in individuals with poor sleep quality. However, none of the PSQI parameters was independently associated with pregnancy. |
| Liu et al., 2023 China | Cohort, prospective | Women undergoing first IVF cycle (n=3183) | PSQI | Live birth rate was higher in the group reporting good sleep (50.5%) than in the group reporting poor sleep (45.7). The difference was still significant after adjusting for potential confounders (RR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.02-1.23). |
| Philipsen et al., 2022 Denmark | Secondary analysis of RCT | Women (n=163) and partners (n=132) undergoing IVF | PSQI | Pregnancy was not significantly associated with sleep quality or duration. |
| Pimolsri et al., 2021 USA | Cohort, prospective | Women undergoing IVF (n=48) | Actigraphy | Cycle cancelation was associated with worse sleep parameters like short duration, nocturnal awakenings and low efficiency. Later sleep midpoint and bedtime were associated with increased odds of cycle cancelation. |
| Reschini et al., 2022 Italy | Cohort, prospective | Women undergoing IVF (n=263) | PSQI | Women who achieved a clinical pregnancy had lower PSQI scores than non-pregnant counterparts. The adjusted OR associated with poor sleep quality (PSQI>5) for clinical pregnancy was 0.50 (95% CI 0.26-0.94). |
| Walter et al., 2022 USA | Cohort, prospective | Women with primary infertility undergoing IVF (n=30) | Home-based night of sleep monitoring using a wireless two sensor system | Live birth rate was 58% in the group with normal breathing and 38% in the group with sleep disordered breathing (p=0.24). Intermediate IVF outcomes like number of mature oocytes or embryos transferred were similar in both groups. |
| Yao et al., 2022 China | Cohort, prospective | Women undergoing IVF (n=1276) | PSQI, simplified | Lower number of oocytes (total and mature) associated with short sleep; Lower fertilization rate associated with poor sleep quality; in multivariable analysis, only sleep duration 9 to <10 hours associated with lower odds of pregnancy (OR 0.65, 95% CI 0.44-0.98). |
PSQI: Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index.