Table 2. Assessment of the quality of evidence.
Study Study design Study size Methods of measuring exposure Method of measuring outcome Analysis with adjustment Total
Alexander
et al., 1996
0 2 2 2 1 7/10
Alexander
et al., 1998
0 2 2 2 2 8/10
Bonde
et al., 2014
0 2 2 2 2 8/10
Eibensteiner
et al., 2005
0 0 2 2 1 5/10
Farag
et al., 2024
0 1 2 2 0 5/10
Hovatta
et al., 1998
0 2 2 2 2 8/10
Hsu
et al., 2009
0 1 2 2 2 7/10
Kasperczyk
et al., 2008
0 1 2 2 1 6/10
Kuo
et al., 1997
0 0 2 2 2 6/10
Mahmoud
et al., 2005
0 2 2 2 2 8/10
Moran-Martinez
et al., 2013
0 0 2 2 0 4/10
Naha and Chowdhury, 2006 0 1 2 2 2 7/10
Naha and Manna, 2007 0 1 2 2 2 7/10
Naha
et al., 2005
0 1 2 2 2 7/10
Saaramen
et al., 1987
0 2 2 2 0 6/10
Telisman
et al .,2000
0 1 2 2 2 7/10
Wijesekara
et al., 2020.
0 2 2 2 0 6/10

Studies with values of at least 5 are of good quality of evidence.