| Supplementary Appendix 3. Characteristics of included studies. RCT: randomized controlled trial, hMG: human menopausal gonadotropin; hCG: human chorionic gonadotropin; IUI: intrauterine insemination; CC: clomiphene citrate; US: ultrasound; P: progesterone. | ||||||||||||
| Author, year | Study type | Country | Age | Eligibility criteria | Sample size1 | Type of infertility |
Natural intercourse |
IUI | Ovulation induction agent | Intervention group | Control group | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Thomas et al., 2019 |
RCT | India | 29.6±3.5 (intervention group) 28.9±3.8 (control group) |
Women <36 years, with unexplained infertility, mild endometriosis, mild male factor infertility or polycystic ovarian syndrome, and with at least one patent tube documented following hysterosalpingography or laparoscopy. | 392 | Unexplained | x | hMG (75-150 IU daily) |
hCG (5000 IU) |
No intervention |
linical pregnancy, ongoing pregnancy, live birth, multiple pregnancy, miscarriage |
|
| George et al., 2007 |
RCT | India | 24.65±3.48 (intervention group) 25.10±3.99 (control group) |
Anovulatory women, diagnosed by cycle length of more than 35 days or a serum progesterone value of less than 10 ng/mL done on the 21st day of the cycle in women with a regular 28-day cycle. | 180 | Anovulatory | x | CC (100-200mg daily) |
hCG (5000 IU) | No intervention |
Ovulation (US), ovulation (P), ovulation (US/P), clinical pregnancy, biochemical pregnancy, pregnancy, live birth, miscarriage |
|
| Lewis et al., 2006 | RCT | United States | 33.96±3.91 (intervention group) 33.47±3.93 (control group) |
Ovulatory women with infertility (defined by at least 1 year of unprotected intercourse without pregnancy, or three failed cycles of donor intrauterine insemination) and with at least one normal, patent fallopian tube and a functional ipsilateral ovary. Women were assumed to have ovulatory cycles if they had monthly menses and biphasic basal body temperature charts, 133or a history of pos363itive ovulation predictor kits, or midluteal serum progesterone levels in the ovulatory range. | 150 | Unexplained | x | CC (100mg daily) |
hCG (10000 IU) | No intervention |
Pregnancy rate per cycle, pregancy rate per patient |
|
| Yilmaz et al., 2006 |
RCT | Turkey | 26.70±3.20 (intervention group) 26.20±3.40 (control group) |
Normoprolactinemic and normogonadotropic (WHO Class II ovarian dysfunction) primary infertility with oligomenorrhea (bleeding intervals between 35d and 6mo) or amenorrhea (bleeding interval>6mo), age 20-40, duration of primary infertility≥2years, no history of ovulation induction or thyroid disease, normal results on hysterosalpingogram, and husband with normal semen analysis. | 133 | Anovulatory | x | CC (50mg daily) |
hCG (10000 IU) |
No intervention |
Clinical pregnancy, ovulation, pregnancy, implantation rate, fertilization rate, twin rate, abortion, midluteal phase level, luteal phase length |
|
| Al-Snafi et al., 2003 |
RCT | Iraq | 23 to 43 | Hiperprolactinemic women with healthy husbands, as shown by semen analysis. Patients with thyroid or adrenal problems, as well as those who used dopamine antagonists, cimetidine and methyldopa, were excluded. | 363 | Anovulatory | x | Bromocriptine + CC (50mg 3 times a day) |
hCG (5000 IU) | No intervention |
Pregnancy | |
1 = only the subset of participants who met our study eligibility criteria are being displayed.