JBRA Assisted Reproduction 2025;29(Suppl.2 SBRA 2025):192
Poster Presentation
29^th Annual Congress of the SBRA. São Paulo/SP - Brazil, 2025
doi: 10.5935/1518-0557.20263893

P-180. Prevalence of Chronic Endometritis in Infertile Women: Clinical Correlations and Impact on Reproductive Outcomes

Cintia Cunha de Oliveira¹, Mara Beatriz Guelssi Raphael¹, Ana Carolina Shinozaki¹, Aline Castilho Baptista¹, Enoch Quindere de Sa Barreto¹, Raquel Mitie Koike¹, Eliana Junko Morita Yokota¹

¹ CITI Medicina Reprodutiva - São Paulo - SP - Brasil

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of chronic endometritis in infertile women and correlate its presence with clinical factors and reproductive outcomes, emphasizing the importance of early diagnostic investigation.
Methods: This was a retrospective observational study conducted at a specialized infertility center in São Paulo, Brazil, between April 2024 and June 2025. A total of 232 women diagnosed with either primary or secondary infertility were included. All patients underwent diagnostic hysteroscopy followed by endometrial biopsy. The diagnosis of chronic endometritis was confirmed through immunohistochemical analysis with CD138+ plasma cell detection, which is considered the gold standard for CE confirmation.
Results: Out of 232 patients, 60 (25.86%) were diagnosed with chronic endometritis. The presence of CE was significantly associated with a history of previous implantation failure and inflammatory changes observed during hysteroscopic evaluation. All patients diagnosed with CE received treatment with a combination of antibiotics and antiinflammatory drugs, following institutional protocol. Among them, 18 women underwent embryo transfer after completing treatment, and clinical pregnancy was achieved in several cases, suggesting a positive impact of treatment on reproductive outcomes. These findings reinforce the importance of recognizing CE as a reversible cause of infertility, especially in patients with repeated implantation failure (RIF) or infertility with no clear etiology.
Conclusion: Chronic endometritis was found to have a high prevalence in this cohort of infertile women. Its identification and treatment may positively influence endometrial receptivity and clinical outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Therefore, incorporating routine hysteroscopy with endometrial biopsy into the diagnostic workup of women with implantation failure or unexplained infertility is strongly recommended. Early detection and targeted therapy can enhance the success rates of ART and improve individualized fertility care.