Received July 13, 2011
Accepted July 16, 2011

Talking about new families is to admit that there are, or that there were old families, families that preceded and are different from today.And in all of them and regardless of its format, the family has always played the same role, to ensure the reproduction of the species, both biological and social, that is, ensuring the existence of children, the place they occupy in society, the position social and family, preferably his ascension.For this reason the family is considered the heart, the base, the core of society. Material and methods:analysis of family formation in Brazil, through the development of capitalism and the advance of urbanization. Families and social reproduction in contemporary Brazil. Family, children, medicine and religion. Results and Discussion:It is the presence of children that enables and legitimizes the different types of families that characterize our modernity. Marriage is understood as a preliminary stage of generation and socialization of children, only possible for them through adoption or heterosexuality. Religions have dedicated themselves so strongly throughout its existence, to produce myths and beliefs in defense of heterosexuality that has historically guaranteed family formation and their biological and social reproduction. So it becomes difficult for them to accept situations that call into question the veracity of beliefs, and by extension, according to many, their very existence. Away from this conflict, Medicine can be positioned according to the beliefs more or less influenced by the religions of its agents, ultimately always willing to help carry out the desire of patients to have children.