Received August 06, 2006
Accepted March 12, 2007

In contrast with the other markers of ovarian reserve, the anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) is produced exclusively by the granulosa cells, it is independent of the follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and it presents a small variation during the menstrual cycle (Cook et al., 2000. , La Mark et al., 2004., Hehenkamp et al., 2006). The relationship between antral follicle counts and serum AMH concentrations on day 3 is significant and it is better compared with FSH, inhibin B and oestradiol and beyond the intercycle reproducibility between menstrual cycles of the AMH. The peripheral AMH concentrations decline during ovarian stimulation, thus confirming that maturing follicles loose progressively their ability to produce AMH. In fact, follicular fluid (FF) AMH concentrations in small antral follicles are 3-fold as high as AMH in preovulatory follicles. It is observed that AMH production measured in FF from individual follicles is increased in women having normal follicular counts and responsiveness to ovarian stimulation. In conclusion, these data reinforce the soundness of AMH measurements as a quantitative and possibly qualitative marker of granulosa cell activity and health.